Description: These are large blackish water birds which appear to have S-shaped necks when perched. They swim with their bills lifted up and fly with a heavy wing beat and a straight neck. This species has buffy throat feathers and a blue chin patch.

Range: Along the Pacific coast of North America.

Habitat: Along the ocean coast and the littoral zone.

General: They nest colonially on sea cliffs and their large, bulky nests are made from sticks. They feed on fish and crustaceans.

Bovey, Robin, Campbell, Wayne, and Gates, Brian. 1989. Birds of Victoria and Vicinity. Lone Pine Publishing. Edmonton, Alberta.

Peterson, Roger Tory. 1990. Peterson Field Guides: Western Birds. Houghton Mifflin Company. New York, New York.

Udvardy, Miklos D. F. 1994. National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Birds: Western Region. Chanticlear Press, Inc. New York, New York.

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